Dec 12 2008
AD Kids
AD Kids
For parents of toddlers learning to speak, it can be difficult to tell the difference between normal difficulties with speech and stuttering. If your child has trouble talking and hesitates on or repeats certain syllables, words or phrases, he may have a stuttering problem.
However, he may simply be going through periods of normal “disfluency” that most children experience as they learn to speak, according to Dr. Barry Guitar from the University of Vermont and Dr. Edward Conture from Vanderbilt University.
Stuttering is a complex disorder that affects three million Americans, and according to The Stuttering Foundation, a non-profit organization working toward the prevention and improved treatment of stuttering, there is a general lack of knowledge when it comes to stuttering.
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New Safety Concerns
A newly mobile baby is a wonder to behold, and at the same time, observing your previously stationary child head directly for one hazard after another is enough to turn any parent’s hair gray overnight. You’ve got some new safety issues to deal with, and the sooner you focus on childproofing (preferably before your baby starts crawling), the better.
Protect your baby by checking the floors he’ll be so intimately acquainted with: look for splinters, small objects like buttons, loose carpet, and so on. If something is there, you can be sure he’ll find it, so get down on his level to check.
Install covers for any electrical outlets, and check for floor or table lamps that have cords a curious baby could pull on (or chew!).
Watch for dangling tablecloths that she might use to try and pull herself up with, items on low shelves that can be grabbed, and cabinets that can be opened (install locks).
If you have pets, always supervise your baby when they’re around. Now that she can suddenly sneak up on Fluffy and go for a vigorous tail-yank, you need to keep an eye on things. Even the most patient, loving family pet can be startled by a small child and act to defend themselves.
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AD Kids Inc.: Foreign-Speaking Sitters
In order to start instilling the use of Spanish, Flores sought a very talented nanny who agreed to only speak Spanish to her young charge. “A lot of the books we read to my daughter are in English, and television is also in English,” she says. “We knew she would pick the language up regardless, so we wanted to do something where she would feel almost forced to speak Spanish and keep that going. She knows who she needs to speak to in what language, and with her babysitter she knows she has no choice [but to speak Spanish].”
Now, Flores is amazed at how well her daughter speaks both English and Spanish at the ripe old age of almost 3. “She pronounces things better in English than in Spanish,” says Flores. “She picked up the English faster than the Spanish, but she is definitely a conversational speaker – as much as a child can get who’s not quite 3.”
The key is in the daily immersion of the Spanish language. Flores’ nanny talks her daughter through whatever they’re doing. “The sitter was a teacher and ultimately a principal for many years back in her country, so I think she has the professional experience in dealing with small children,” Flores says. “She teaches letters, colors and numbers.”
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Gains Through Games
And when you’re having fun, you’ll see great results from your efforts, say the experts. Morey says that moms who consistently come to her class – where games are an integral part of the curriculum – find their children hitting major milestones much earlier. In the last year, she’s had two babies start walking at only 10 months.
Playing educational games with your baby helps him develop a wide range of skills that he’ll need to function in the world. “Play affects all aspects of development from motor skills to cognitive and social abilities,” says Gwyneth Doherty-Sneddon, a developmental psychologist at the University of Stirling in Scotland. “These skills include hand-eye coordination, fine muscle movements and learning to take turns with another person. Through play, babies practice their skills, continually developing them as they do.”
David Laurino
Susan Henrichs: Primed for Learning
“Between birth and age 8, your child’s brain is uniquely hard-wired to absorb languages and to learn to pronounce words with a native accent,” says Stacy DeBroff, mother of two and author of The Mom Book: 4,278 Tips for Moms by Moms (Free Press 2002). “Children learn languages very differently from adults, with studies finding that children even store a second language in a different area of the brain.” DeBroff, a former Harvard lawyer who also runs Mom Central, Inc. and the www.momcentral.com Web site, understands the benefits of children learning foreign languages on a neurological level as well as a social one.
DeBroff says it is never too early to start teaching children a foreign language. When most parents are concerned only with comprehension of English, they fail to understand just how incredibly children’s brains function. “The earlier children start learning a second language, the better, even as early as 1 year old,” she says. “Many teachers and linguists recommend starting the language learning process as soon as possible, even before children become verbal in their first language. Even though children are not speaking at that point, they are actively absorbing and processing language.”
In much the same way, Ana Flores learned English. Flores, who now lives in New York, was born in Cuba and came to the United States at the age of 2. Although she quickly learned English at school, Spanish was the only language spoken at home. “I am fully bilingual and feel that has only been an asset for me during my academic experience and thereafter professionally,” she says. “My husband was born and raised in the Dominican Republic, and he speaks Spanish fluently. We feel that it’s important to keep that going for our children. With the way the world is now with everything global, it can only be beneficial for her. We also want to maintain our culture and language.”
It is also important for Flores’ daughter to be able to communicate with her extended family, some of whom still live in the Dominican Republic, while others closer to home may speak only broken English. “We do not want the language to be a barrier,” she says. “It is important to us she be fully bilingual. Based on everything we learned and read it makes sense to do it now rather than waiting. We felt it would be more difficult or confusing if we waited.”
Susan Henrichs
Fortunately, you can break this pattern—in a way that encourages your child’s development rather than punishes her. “When you stop getting frustrated by the whining, your child will stop too,” insists Dr. Nelsen. At first, this laissez-faire approach seemed completely unrealistic to me, but because my daughter was a whine connoisseur, I decided to try it.
It wasn’t easy—often I was tempted to yell or just give her what she wanted, but I was determined to be firm and consistent. “You have to exercise a lot of self-control,” acknowledges Dr. Crowder. To my amazement, within a few weeks, Elizabeth had gotten into the habit of asking nicely instead of nagging. Here’s what you do.
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A Rule of Thumb
Walk into any shoe store and you will see parents on their knees beside their children, pushing on toes and squeezing the sides of shoes, trying to determine a good fit.
Brunick feels this is a good effort, but not quite right. “This is one of those passed down methods of fitting shoes,” says Brunick. “Try this instead: When fitting your child’s foot, determine how much toe room they should have in the shoe by leaving space that is equal to the width of the child’s thumb — not the parent’s thumb — between the child’s longest toe and the end of the shoe while they are standing. Keep in mind that the longest toe isn’t always the big toe.”
“I do the pressing on the toes thing when fitting my son with shoes,” says Victoria Walker, a mom from Fort Myers, Fla. “This lets me see how much room he has to grow. I also have him walk in them to see if his foot lifts out of the shoe. I’ve always done it like this, but as he gets older, he can tell me much better how they feel, too.”
AD Kids Inc
31 to 36 months
By the time he turns 3, your child will be a more sophisticated talker. He’ll be able to carry on a sustained conversation and adjust his tone, speech patterns, and vocabulary to fit the person he’s talking to in a particular situation. For instance, he’ll use simpler words with a peer (”I need go potty”), but will likely rattle off more complex constructions with you (”I need to go to the bathroom”). By now, other adults, including strangers, should be able to understand almost everything he says, which means you’ll have to do less translating. He’ll even be a pro at saying his first and last name and his age, and will readily oblige when asked. When to be concerned
You are the best gauge of your child’s speech development. While some kids start forming words at 9 months, many wait until they’re 13 or 14 months. If your child isn’t saying any words by 15 months(including “mama” or “dada”), didn’t babble before his first birthday, is unable to point to any body parts, or you still can’t understand a word he’s saying, discuss the matter with your doctor at his next checkup.
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